Phil 100 F12 12.45: Exam 2 Study Guide

For the exam:
PART I: You should be able to explain the following concepts:
  • What a fallacy is.
  • The difference between formal and informal fallacies.
  • You should be able to identify the definition of and identify examples of the following fallacies. A list of the names of the fallacies will be provided on the exam.
    1. Inconsistency
    2. Fallacy of Affirming the Consequent
    3. Fallacy of Denying the Antecedent
    4. False Dilemma
    5. Hasty Generalization
    6. Red Herring
    7. Smoke Screen
    8. Ad Hominem
    9. Appeal to Authority
    10. Circular Arguments
    11. Post hoc
    12. Ad Populum
    13. Composition
    14. Division
    15. Appeal to Ignorance
    16. Slippery Slope
    17. Straw Man
    18. Appeal to Emotion
    19. False Analogy
    20. Suppression of Relevant Data
PART II: You should be able to explain the following concepts:
  • You should be able to explain what Frankfurt's goal is in "On Bullshit."
  • You should be able to explain Frankfurt's criticism of Black's definition of "humbug."
  • You should be able to explain the difference between Bullshit and Lying.
  • You should be able to explain why Frankfurt thinks Bullshit is worse than a lie.
  • You should be able to explain why Frankfurt thinks there is so much Bullshit.
  • You should be able to articulate the problems with perception discussed in class as well as provide an example.
  • You should be able to explain and give an example of pareidolia.
  • You should be able to explain the McGuirk effect.
  • You should be able to explain the difference between a Cold and a Hot Reading, as well as explain the significance of this technique.
  • You should be able to explain the experiments of Elizabeth Loftus that we discussed in class and their relation to the issue of memory.
  • You should be able to explain the Forer Effect.
  • You should be able to explain the Wason Selection Task.
  • You should be able to explain the Pygmalion Effect.
  • You should be able to explain the Milgram Experiments and the conclusions drawn from them.
  • You should be able to explain the Asch experiments and the conclusions drawn from them.
PART III: Lastly, you should be prepared to write a short essay in which you explain and evaluate Hume's Maxim.
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