For the exam you should be able to perform the following tasks: Explain Aquinas' supreme moral principle. Explain the three natural inclinations Aquinas uses to derive moral principles, and for each inclination, articulate one specific moral obligation derived from it. Explain and provide examples of the naturalistic fallacy. Explain where Hume thinks moral judgments come from. Explain Individual Ethical Relativism and three objections to it discussed in class. Explain Cultural Ethical Relativism and three objections to it discussed in class. Define Consequentalism. Define Utilitarianism. Explain Mill's Greatest Happiness Principle. Explain the two additional principles Mill articulates (Principle of Universality and Principle of Impartiality) Explain the "doctrine fit only for swine" objection to Utilitarianism and Mill's response. Define the Good Will for Kant. Describe the four character types Kant considers, and explain which one he thinks is the most moral. Describe the Formula of Universal Law and the Formula of Humanity and explain how Kant uses each of these formulas to show that it is wrong to make a lying promise. Define the "Highest Good" for Aristotle. Define "Function," "Virtue," and "Vice." Define Aristotle's conception of the function of human beings. Explain a moral virtue (including the three parts) and give an example. Explain the two components of a social contract theory. Describe the veil of ignorance. Explain Rawl's two principles of justice. Explain what it means to say that virtue is gendered. Describe the two spheres or realms of society that support the view that virtue is gendered and describe some of the virtues appropriate to each sphere. In addition, you should be prepared to write an essay in which you compare and contrast the views of two of our authors on a specific moral issue. |
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