Part I: Fill in the Blank. You should know the definitions of the following words for fill in the blank questions. A word bank will be provided:- Philosophy
- Philosophical Method
- Metaphysics
- Epistemology
- Axiology
- Logic
- Rationalism
- Empiricism
- reductio ad absurdum
- Sophists
- Relativism
- Noumenal
- Phenomenal
- Teleology
- Good
- Highest Good
Part II: Short Answer. You should be able to explain the following concepts: - For each of the major Pre-Socratics we studied you should be able to say what that person thinks is the fundamental constituent(s) of reality.
- Thales
- Anaximander
- Pythagoras
- Heraclitus
- Parmenides
- Democritus
- Why is Thales considered the first philosopher?
- Explain Zeno's paradox.
- Explain the Socratic Method
- Explain Socrates' story about the Oracle at Delphi, and the relevance of this story.
- Explain the meaning of Socratic Ignorance
- Explain Socrates' conception of the role of the philosopher.
- Explain Plato's Theory of Forms
- Explain Plato's Allegory of the cave as well as the implications we can draw from this allegory.
- Explain the story of the Ring of Gyges and its significance in the Republic.
- Explain Plato's account of the tripartite division of the soul and how he uses this account to explain justice.
- Explain Socrates conception of three parts of the state and his account of justice in the state.
- Explain Aristotle's metaphysics (Form and Matter)
- Explain Aristotle's four causes and illustrate them with an example.
- Explain Aristotle's conception of the Highest Good.
- Explain Aristotle's conception of a Function and the related concepts of Virtue and Vice and illustrate them with an example.
Part III: Essay. You should be prepared to write an essay answering the following question: In class we looked at two major philosophers who represent important contrary positions in the history of philosophy. These are Aristotle the empiricist and Plato the rationalist. First, explain the difference between these two positions. Then, explain which position you think is better and why.
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