Phil 125 S11 Short: Exam 2 Study Guide


  • You should be able to explain what Frankfurt's goal is in "On Bullshit."
  • You should be able to explain Frankfurt's criticism of Black's definition of "humbug."
  • You should be able to explain the difference between a Bull Session, Bullshit and Lying.
  • You should be able to explain why Frankfurt thinks Bullshit is worse than a lie.
  • You should be able to explain why Frankfurt thinks there is so much Bullshit.
  • You should be able to articulate the problems with perception discussed in class.
  • You should be able to explain and give an example of pareidolia.
  • You should be able to explain what Cold Reading and Hot Reading are.
  • You should be able to explain the two experiments of Elizabeth Loftus that we discussed in class and their relation to the issue of memory.
  • You should be able to explain Cognitive Dissonance and its significance for our ability to make judgments.
  • You should be able to explain the Forer Effect.
  • You should be able to explain the Wason Selection Task.
  • You should be able to explain the Pygmalion Effect.
  • You should be able to explain the Milgram Experiments and the conclusions drawn from them.
  • You should be able to explain the Asch experiments and the conclusions drawn from them.
  • You should be able to explain Hume's Maxim.
  • You should be able to explain what a fallacy is.
  • You should be able to explain the difference between a formal and an informal fallacy.
  • Lastly, you should be able to identify the definition of and identify examples of the following fallacies. A list of the names of the fallacies will be provided on the exam:
      1. Inconsistency
      2. Fallacy of Affirming the Consequent
      3. Fallacy of Denying the Antecedent
      4. False Dilemma
      5. Hasty Generalization
      6. Red Herring
      7. Smoke Screen
      8. Ad Hominem
      9. Appeal to Authority
      10. Circular Arguments
      11. Post hoc
      12. Ad Populum
      13. Composition
      14. Division
      15. Appeal to Ignorance
      16. Slippery Slope
      17. Straw Man
      18. Appeal to Emotion
      19. False Analogy
      20. Suppression of Relevant Data
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